Phân tích nhân vật Mị để thấy được giá trị hiện thực và nhân đạo trong truyện ngắn Vợ Chồng A Phủ của Tô Hoài

Analyze the character of Me to see the real and humanitarian value in To Hoai’s short story The Husband and Wife A Phu

Instruct

Analyze the character of Me to see the real and humanitarian value in To Hoai’s short story The Husband and Wife A Phu

Assignment

What prompted To Hoai to write the story of A Phu Husband and wife was an emotional debt to the people of the Northwest. After joining the army in the Northwest Room (1952), the writer lived with them for a long time. Empathizing and understanding the suffering and humiliation of workers under the yoke of colonial feudalism, appreciating their noble qualities and being happy when the revolution came to them, the writer told about her life. and A Phu with special affection. Therefore, through the character of My Story, both show the real value and imbued with the humanitarian spirit.

Opening the story page, the reader can witness the tragic life of the character My: I always see Me spinning by the rock next to the horse train, always with her face down, her face sad. The writer has described the portrait, the mood to portray the fate. I sat there and my life seemed to be tightened in the life of a horse and buffalo and always carried in my heart the silent, persistent, constant sadness. Sadness is frozen like a stone of ignorance and weighs heavily on my shoulders and on my life. The author has expressed Mi’s sadness with a pensive voice and a depth of sympathy and sharing.

Why did Mi appear alone, in the midst of the rich and busy scene of the governor? I found out that she was not the governor’s daughter, but the daughter-in-law who cheated on the debt. Because of the debt from the wedding day that my parents could not pay, I was taken to Pa Tra’s house to be A Su’s wife to pay the debt. This is the usury trick of the ruling feudalists, the way of exploiting the labor of the poor, and they have trapped farmers in lifelong dependence. They have taken advantage of the custom of the Meo people: if the father does not pay off the debt, it will come to the children and grandchildren. Catching Me back, Pa Tra’s father and son immediately worshiped the ghost of his house. Forever I am a man of the governor’s house, a person who lives on debt relief for life, so that I can die in this corner without being able to hope for liberation. Pa Tra took advantage of the superstition of the Meo people to imprison Me, to increase her strength and reach beyond the evil hand. The evil rulers took away my right to live freely, robbed me of love, youth and happiness.

For months and months, I cry every night. My body seemed to want to melt with those sad and humiliating tears. I thought of death as the way out. But because of my father, I resigned to a miserable life. I work like a machine, exhausted to pay off debt. The author compares me suffering from a buffalo and a horse from the governor’s house. I’m like a body without a soul. I live in a closed room with no light, no human scent, only a window with a square hole the size of my hand. Every time I look out, I see a white moon, I don’t know if it’s dew or sunshine. That space knows that my life will wither in darkness, slavery, in prison life. Ignoring the world around me, I gradually became numb in feeling and numb in consciousness, like a faded flower. If compared with the innocent beautiful life when still at home with parents, that situation evokes a lot of pity in the hearts of writers and readers. And that detail also means denouncing the crimes of the rulers who have buried so many identities. They tortured and suppressed the spirit to the point of paralyzing the sense of resistance.

Not only is she a victim of money, of ghostly gods, of domination, she is also a victim of brute force and masculinity. Not liking Me going out Spring, A Su only asked one question: « Do you want to go out? », and then tied me up and tied the house, wrapped my hair in a pole, I was treated as badly as an animal. A Shi’s actions were cold as wild animals. It was punished by A Phu, I had to go to the forest to collect medicine and apply it all night. Too tired to fall asleep for a while, he immediately kicked his foot in my face. There were nights, when I sat by the kitchen fire, A Su came home from play and hit me right down the kitchen door. The condition of a human being, but being treated badly like an animal because of the cruel and overbearing habits of the rulers and the rich. My most painful thing is not being physically tortured, but being insulted with dignity and trampled on human values. The author both denounced and expressed infinite sympathy and grief.

Expressing the dark suffering life of My, the work has generalized the reality of suffering, humiliation and exploitation of mountain workers, thereby denouncing the crimes of the feudal rulers. At the same time, we have to give the workers noble humanitarian feelings: sympathy, sharing, mercy.

The humanitarian value of the work is also reflected in the attitude of praising My’s noble qualities.

When I was at home with my parents, I lived a very innocent and happy life. But when I heard that Pa Tra wanted to take Me back as a daughter-in-law to get rid of the debt, I told my father: I now know how to work in the fields to make corn, I have to work in the fields, the corn pays my father’s debt, don’t sell me to the rich. That statement proves that I am a person rich in self-respect, with a sense of dignity, honor and freedom. My soul is pure, innocent, and pure like a flower in the mountains and clouds. When I was arrested and returned to the governor’s house, living in a situation of buffalo and horses, every night I cried and I resented myself by picking leaves to eat to commit suicide. Although the intention was unsuccessful because of filial piety, the behavior showed a strong character, a spirit of resistance to fate. That’s when the latent vitality in Me came into play. Giving up the idea of ​​​​suicide because her father showed that Me is a filial daughter and full of self-sacrifice.

My beauty is also reflected in the desire to live, the desire to live freely, and the soul rich in vitality. Since the day her father died, I no longer think about death, she buried her life in suffering and oblivion. But the desire to live is still glimmering. When spring came, the fire of desire for life suddenly flared up. The sound of the flute calling for a mate on a spring night has awakened my soul, my heart feels agitated, eager to live again like the old spring nights. I sat silently singing along to the flute with the love songs of the past. I secretly took wine to drink, gulped down each bowl, drank as if to swallow hate, drank to forget the bitterness and humiliation. Meanwhile, the sound of the flute in the street, from the free side of life, hovers, inviting and urging. I feel young again. I want to go play. The life force that had been suppressed now burst into a strong desire for freedom. But that beauty of soul full of vitality and desire to live freely are destroyed by the cruelty of Ashi.

However, that vitality rose again in the act of saving A Phu. A Phu is a debt collector of the governor. Going to herd cows, accidentally letting tigers eat cows should be forced by Pa Tra to stand tied to a pillar and starve to death. Suddenly late that night, I was warming up the fire when the kitchen fire suddenly lit up. Thanks to that, I saw the desperate tears of that unhappy person. Both pitying people in the same situation and hating governor Pa Tra, I dared to stand up and cut the ropes to save A Phu. When A Phu escaped, I stood still in the dark and the fear of dying suddenly came over me, so I ran away to follow A Phu. So it happened that I was motivated by the desire for life, the desire for freedom and the expression of tenacity. My actions are strong because she dares to stand up against fate, against the tyranny and the theocracy: because I have stopped being afraid of the governor’s ghost. My liberating action, although spontaneous, is in line with the laws of affection, social laws and reflects the laws of personality development. That’s when the inner vitality flared up strongly, so there was a brilliant result. It closed the dark slavery life in Hong Ngai, and opened a life of freedom and light in Phien Sa. My act of saving people not only shows the beauty of a strong personality, aspiration to live, and a desire to live, but also an expression of mutual affection.

Thus, thanks to the latent vitality, strong character, and desire to live, mountain workers are able to stand up to liberate themselves. They knew how to save their own lives before coming to the Revolution. Therefore, through this episode, the story also reflects a reality of life that is the ability of mountain people to stand up and liberate their lives. This was a good basis for meeting A Chau cadres later on, they were quickly enlightened to the revolution.

She is not only typical for the dark and slave life but also embodies the noble qualities of mountain workers that the writer praises: diligence, hard work; rich in gratitude and sacrifice in lifestyle and relationships; pure soul, rich in vitality, potential for resistance against oppression… The art of depicting the character’s psychology is very special: in the description, I hear the flute sound in the spring night… My thinking before cutting the ropes A Phu… This artistic success also shows the sympathy and love of the character of writer To Hoai.

Through the character of Me, To Hoai has summarized the reality of the suffering and humiliation of mountain workers because of the crimes of the feudalists embracing the colonialists. The story is also a true picture of the lifestyle, customs and habits of the Northwest highlands. The story also moves the reader’s emotions because of its profound humanitarian value: sympathy for the unfortunate people, respect for their precious qualities and vehement condemnation of the wickedness of the ruling feudalists.

Source: Online Documentation

According to tranquoctoan.edu.vn